The Thoresby Society

PREFACE.

This book is a collection of the available records relating to a single country parish, gathered both from public sources and from private manuscripts which had not been before accessible. I have tried to arrange them so that they may best illustrate the history of the parish, its antiquities and institutions, classifying them under subjects rather than periods. First there is a view of the whole parish, its topography and history; then an account of the village of Barwick and its ancient earthworks; the Church with the clergy and endowments; the manors and their associated families; an explanation of the disappearance, under enclosure, of the commons, woods, and open fields; some notes on the parochial officers and their accounts; and lastly there are lists of the manorial tenants showing us the inhabitants at different periods for over three hundred years before the registers begin.

The possibilities of this particular parish are unusual. The earthworks, of pre-historic, and the Church, of pre-conquest origin, tell us of its earliest history. We have a rich store of material at the Public Record Office arising out of our long connexion with the Duchy of Lancaster. Nearer home is the remarkable collection of documents at Parlington belonging to Colonel Gascoigne. These last had not been examined for more than two hundred years, but free access was granted to me and I was permitted to transcribe or note whatever might be of interest. This was a privilege for which I am under a real obligation, and the Thoresby Society owes very much to Colonel Gascoigne for his permission. The Parlington collection of deeds covers not only the manors and estates of the family but touches also many other districts in Yorkshire, and a number of the most valuable of them, other than those I have used, have been included, with Colonel Gascoigne's consent, in a volume of Yorkshire Deeds, edited by Mr. W. Brown, for the Yorkshire Archaeological Society's Record Series.

The Rev. Bathurst G. Wilkinson, of Potterton, was so good as to lend me a number of documents dealing with his estate and the later history of Kiddal Hall; while for the earlier history of the Ellis family I am much indebted to Mr. A. S. Ellis, who, with a generosity that seems to infect antiquaries, handed over to me a large quantity of notes collected through many years. Mr. Darcy Wilson of Seacroft also allowed me to use many interesting papers relating to the 17 th and 18th centuries.

Many friends have been of the greatest assistance. Mr. W. Brown, F.S.A., and Mr. W. T. Lancaster, F.S.A., have given me frequent suggestions and have looked over my proof sheets ; Mr. G. D. Lumb, F.S.A., has passed on to me much information he had gathered about Barwick. I am indebted to Mr. T. H. Prater for the courtesy with which he assisted my searches at Parlington, and for a sketch of the agriculture of the district which I have incorporated with the first chapter ; to Mr. John Bilson, F.S.A., for notes on the architecture of the Church ; to Mr. H. S. Chorley for the plan of the earthworks ; to Mr. H. M. Chippindale for the ground plan of the Church ; to Mr. Godfrey Bingley for his beautiful photographs ; to Mr. E. Hawkesworth for notes on the geology of the district; to Mr. C. C. Hodges of Hexham for a technical description of the sculptured stones in the Church ; and to the Library Committee of the Leeds City Council for permission to reproduce the frontispiece from a water-colour drawing in the Library. From innumerable correspondents I have received the utmost kindness and readiness to furnish information.

The book has been delayed, by the interruption of repeated illness, far beyond the time when I hoped to see it finished, and this may be accepted as an excuse for many shortcomings of plan and execution that might have been avoided by more continuous work. Now that it is finished I cannot help wishing it were possible to write it all over again, to try to do it better, and still to add to it. But even so there would be no finality, for if it be true, as the Preacher told us more than two thousand years ago, that of making many books there is no end, it is certainly true that there is no end to the making of the book of just one ancient parish.

F. S. COLMAN.
BARWICK-IN-ELMET RECTORY, March 8, 1909.

CONTENTS.

I	Topography	i
II	General History	13
III	The Village of Barwick and its Earthworks	19
IV	The Church	33
	Additional Notes :—
	A.—Visitation Returns	50
	B.—The Church Registers	51
	C.—Briefs	51
V	The Clergy of the Parish	53
VI	The Rectory and the Endowments of the Church	88
VII	The Manors in the Parish	100
	Additional Note on the Duchy of Lancaster	104
VIII	The Manor of Barwick	106
	Additional Notes :—
	A.—A sixteenth century Court Roll	126
	B.—Notice of a Manor Court	126
	C.—On 'Paines' formerly levied in the Manor	127
IX	The Gascoigne Family	129
	Descent of Mary wife of Nicholas Gascoigne, and some notes on the Le Gras and Tempest Families	163
	The Family of George Gascoigne of Oldhurst	172
	Descent of Mary Hungate wife of Sir Edward Gascoigne	174
	Descent of Richard Oliver Gascoigne	176
	Descent of Colonel Trench Gascoigne	177
X	Barnbow	178
	Grenefeld of Barnbow	187
	Charters relating to Barnbow	194
XI	Lasingcroft and Shippen	197
	Charters relating to these places	203
	Inventory at Lasingcroft in 1577	216
XII	Scholes and its Manor	222
	Additional Notes :—
	A.—Charter of Roger de Queucy granting the Manors of Kippax and Scholes to Edmund de Lascy	230
	B.—St. James's Church, Mansion	230
XIII	Potterton	231
XIV	Kiddal and the Ellis Family	238
	Additional Note on the Ellis coat of arms	261
XV	Roundhay and its Manor	262
	Incumbents of St. John's Church, Roundhay	265
XVI	Parochial Officers and Institutions	266
XVII	The Commons, Woods, and Open Fields	282
XVIII	Appendix
	Note on Parlington	291
	Note on Hillam	293
	Note on Becca	294
	Notes on the Family of Gramary of Becca	297
	Notes on the Bridges Family	298
	Lists of Manorial Tenants	299
	Index	312

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